Correlation
Indicates the extent to which two things are related. For example when it is cold ice-cream sales are low, then as the temperature increases so do ice-cream sales. A correlation is reported as an r value and can be anywhere between 1 and -1. A correlation of 1 means the two things increase at the same rate (temperature increases as ice-cream sales increase). -1 means that as one increases, the other decreases, (for example the more exercise someone does, the lower their risk of heart problems become). 0 means the two things are unrelated. A correlation (r) below .04 is typically considered low, from 0.4 to 0.6 is considered good and above 0.6 very good.
Myth: Causality- You can’t say based on correlation that a change in one thing will cause a change in another. For example people that do more exercise may also have a better diet and not smoke, so these other things help to lower the risk of heart problems not just the exercise. For this you need Multiple Regression.
Strong positive correlation (r=1) No correlation (r=0) Strong negative correlation (r=-1)








